The
Chapter on the Recommended Adhkār
for the Day of Friday and its Night as well as the Supplications
By Imam Yaḥyā Al-Nawawī
Translated
by Mahdi Lock[1]
It is recommended to do a lot of recitation of the
Qurʾān, adhkār and
supplications on the day of Friday and the night,[2]
as well as prayers upon the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s blessings and peace
be upon him, and the recitation of Sūrat
Al-Kahf in the day. Ash-Shāfiʿī, may Allah have mercy on him, said in the book Al-Umm,
‘It is recommended to read it on Friday night’.[3]
496_We have
related in the two Ṣaḥīḥ
collections of al-Bukhārī and Muslim, on the authority of Abū Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, mentioned Friday
and said, “In it there is a period of time[4]
that a Muslim slave does not coincide with while standing, praying and asking
Allah for something except that He gives it to him.” And with his hand he
indicated that it was short.
I have said: The scholars from the Salaf and
the Khalaf have differed over this period of time with many positions
that are as widespread as possible. I have gathered all the positions on the
matter in Sharḥ Al-Muhadhdhab[5]
and clarified who has said what, and that many of the Companions held the
position that it was after ʿaṣr. The meaning of ‘standing, praying’ is
the one waiting for the prayer, for indeed he is in prayer.
497_The
soundest position that has come regarding this is what we have related in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim on the
authority of Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī, may Allah be pleased with him, who said, ‘I heard
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, saying, {It
is what is between the imam sitting until the prayer had finished}, meaning
when he sits on the minbar.
498_As for the
recitation of Sūrat al-Kahf and sending
prayers upon the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him,
well-known aḥādīth
have come regarding this so we have left off relating them due to the length of
the book and the fact that they are well-known, and we have mentioned a number
of them in a specific chapter.[6]
499_We have
mentioned in the book of Ibn as-Sunnī,
on the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may
Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, said, “Whoever says on the morning of
Friday, before the dawn prayer: ‘I seek
Allah’s forgiveness, the One besides Whom there is no other god, The Living,
the Self-Sustaining, and I turn to Him in repentance’ three times, Allah
forgives him his sins, even if they are like are the foam of the sea.”
500_We have
related therein, on the authority of Abū
Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, who said, ‘When the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, would enter the masjid on Friday,
take hold of the door supports and then say: “Make me the one who turns to
You most from those who turn to You, the nearest of those who draw near to You
and the best of those who ask You and desire You.”
I have said: It is recommended for us to say: ‘Make us
from those who turn to You most from amongst those who turn to You and from
those who are nearest and from those who are best’. Thus, we add the word
‘from’.
As for what is recommended to recite in the Friday
Prayer[7]
and in the dawn prayer on Friday,[8]
we have already clarified them in the chapter on the adhkār of prayer.
501_We have
related in the book of Ibn as-Sunnī,
on the authority of ʿĀʾisha, may
Allah be pleased with her, who said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s
prayers and peace be upon him, said: “Whoever recites after the Friday
prayer: “Say: ‘He is Allah, One’”[9]
and “Say: ‘I seek refuge in the Lord of Daybreak’”[10]
and “Say: ‘I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind’”[11]
seven times, Allah , Mighty and Majestic, will protect him from evil until the
following Friday.”
Section: It is
recommended to do much remembrance of Allah the Exalted after the Friday
Prayer. Allah the Exalted has said: “Then when the prayer is finished,
spread through the earth, seek Allah’s bounty and remember Allah much so that
hopefully you will be successful.” [12]
[1] Translator’s note (tn): Translated from
Al-Adhkār lil Imām Abī Zakariyyā Yaḥyā Bin Sharaf An-Nawawī Ad-Dimashqi (Beirut: Muʾassasa Al-Maʿārif, 2005) p.151-152.
[3] (tn): i.e. after sunset on
Thursday. Some editions of Al-Adhkār mention the word ayḍan, i.e.
as well, meaning that one should read al-Kahf twice, once at night and once in
the day. This is also mentioned by Imam Muḥammad Ibn ʿAlān in Al-Futūḥāt
Al-Rabbāniyyah ʿalā Al-Adhkār An-Nawawiyyah (v.4, p.227, Beirut: Dar
Al-Turāth Al-ʿArabī), his commentary on Al-Adhkār. As for the aḥādīth
on Sūrat Al-Kahf, the most well-known is: “Whoever recites it [i.e. Al-Kahf]
on Friday, light shall shine forth for him between the two Fridays”, as
narrated by Al-Ḥākim and Al-Bayhaqī, in Shuʿab Al-Īmān, from Abū Saʿīd, marfūʿan
(i.e. a statement,
action, affirmation or attribute that is attributed to the Prophet, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, by a Companion or someone later). As for reciting Al-Kahf at night as well, this
is based on a report from Al-Dāramī, on the authority of Ibn Saʿīd, also marfūʿan: “Whoever recites it on the night of
Friday, light shall shine forth for him between him and Al-Bayt Al-ʿAtīq [i.e.
the Kaʿba]”.
[5] (tn): i.e. Al-Majmūʿ Sharḥ Al-Muhadhdhab, Imam Al-Nawawī’s
27-volume fiqh book, which is the ultimate reference work for the Shāfiʿī
school. Imam Ibn ʿAlān mentions that there are more than forty positions on the
matter.
[6] (tn): See Kitāb Al-Ṣalāt ʿalā
Rasūl Allah Ṣallā Allāhu ‘alayhi wa Sallam, p.105-108 of the same edition
of Al-Adhkār.
[7] (tn): ‘The Sunnah is that one
recite Sūrat Al-Jumuʿah [62] in the first rakʿa of the Friday Prayer and
Al-Munāfiqūn [63] in the second. If one wants, they can recite “Glorify the
Name of your Lord, the Most High” [Al-ʿAlā, 87] in the first and “Has
the news of the Overwhelmer reached you?” [Al-Ghāshiyya, 88] in the second,
as they are both Sunnah. Let one be wary of restricting oneself to only
some of the sūrah in these situations. If one wants to go easy, let his
recitation be gentle without any jabbering’. [Al-Adhkār, p.47, the
Chapter on What to Say After the Taʿawwudh].
[8] (tn): ‘The Sunnah is that
one recite in the first rakʿa of the dawn prayer on Friday “Alif,
Lām, Mīm, The Revelation of the Book” Al-Sajda [32] and in the second “Has
man ever known a point of time…” Al-Insān [76], and to read them both in
their entirety. As for what some people do by only reciting some of them, this
is contrary to the Sunnah’. [Al-Adhkār, p.47].
[10] (tn): Al-Falaq 113:1.
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